INTERMISSION 🙞 Book of Isaiah - PART 2 of the Macro walk through
You can check out the intro of my post Break down of book of psalms if you want to understand my note taking process a little better. And as always, all literary elements and figures of speech are put in bold. But there will not be many noted as my purpose in this walk-through is to make big picture observations and make connections between the chapters through cotext and context as well as with NT passages.
I advise you to read the chapters first or while going through these notes. I will at another time go through verse by verse of each chapter like I did in my first Isaiah post and mark down as many figures of speech at work that I can find. We will be looking at chapters 28-40 which is D' through B' in this part. There will be a third post which covers A', chapters 41-66.
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By CORRESPONDENCE with CHIASMUS the Subject & Theme scheme through chiastic structure.
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A] CH. 1-5: REPREHENSORY (chastisement of people). Exhortations. PROPHETIC. B] CH. 6: The Cleansing & The Commission of Isaiah to give the word of the Lord. THE VOICE FROM THE TEMPLE (heaven). The Scattering. C] CH. 7-12: HISTORIC. Events and Prophecies (Ahaz). Punishment of Lord - Assyrian Invasion. Reward of Lord – installment of Messiah (new government/dispensation). D] CH. 13-27: BURDENS/DOOMS (divine wrath/judgment). Alternated with Israel's MERCY & DELIVEANCE. Then Israel's & nations forgiveness - installment of new gov. (Gods kingdom). ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- D'] CH. 28-35: WOES/IMPRECATIONS. Alternated w/ Israels RECOMPENSE (passive mercy & deliverance). Then Israel's & nations forgiveness - installment of new gov. (YHWH glorified). C'] CH 36-39: HISTORIC. Events and Prophecies (Hezekiah). B'] CH 40: The Cleansing & The Commission of the people to make way for the Lord. The VOICE FROM THE WILDERNESS (earth). The Gathering. A'] CH 41 - 66: EXALTATION (Glorification of the Lord). Promissory. PROPHETIC. |
🕊The Melodic line.
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A] Chastisement of people. Exhortations. Ruination. Prophetic. destruction of the old government – removal of earthly kings B] The voice from the Temple (heaven). Scattering. Vengeance. C] Historic. Wicked king (Ahaz). Foretelling of Messiah who will come. D] Burdens/Dooms (divine punishment) alternated with mercy & deliverance ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ D'] Woes/Imprecations (Purification) alternated with recompense C'] Historic. Righteous king (Hezekiah). Foretelling of Messiah's reign. B'] The voice from the Wilderness (earth). Gathering. Restoration. A'] Glorification of God. Exaltations. Promissory. Prophetic. installment of the new government – placement of heavenly king (Messiah) |
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KEY Words |
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28:17, 34:11 |
Plumb line. REF – Amos 7:7-8, Zechariah 1:16, 4:10 |
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29:18, 30:20-1, 32:3, 35:5, 43:8, 52:15 |
the blind will see and deaf will hear (SIDE NOTE: full mapping linked verses through OT and NT will be in the next post) |
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26:11,30:27,30, 33:10-14, 35:14 |
consuming fire |
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41:8, 43:10, 44:2,21, 45:4, 49:5 |
Israel My servant |
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ALLUDING TO JESUS |
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CH 28:16-22 |
- a cornerstone for the foundation. He will cancel the covenant with Sheol. |
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CH 40:5 10-11 |
-The glory of the Lord revealed. -Here is your God! This is the good news that they are told to give (Messiah is here). He is 'God coming in might', 'God's arm ruling', 'bearing God's reward', 'coming w/ God's recompense before Him'. -He will be like a shepherd tending his flock, gently caring for them and drawing them close. |
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CH 41:25-29 |
- one from the north, who will come upon rulers as a mortar and pestle |
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CH 42:1-4 CH 53:11 | -My Servant of the Lord who will bring forth justice -My Servant, who will justify the many |
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Literary: Aesthetic Figura glorifying the Lord, reverence, exaltation rather than exhortation. A looooot of allegory.
Interesting that A' is 15 chapters longer than A. which makes the glorification of God much bigger and more important than exhortations to the people..
Consider the two words Burden/doom & Woe: synonymia. Two words similar in meaning but different in origin and sound. Also pathos – These woes are imprecation by Maledicto.
Remember that recompense and deliverance go hand and hand. They are the same coin but opposite sides. Wow, through Chiasmus this theme is masterfully displayed throughout D, D'. (You can read through my psalms of ascents project where it expounds on this).
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D'] CH. 28-35: WOES/IMPRECATIONS. Alternated w/ Israels RECOMPENSE (passive mercy & deliverance). Then Israel's & nations forgiveness - installment of new gov. (YHWH glorified). CH 13-24 gave us 9 burdens/dooms, 1 woe. CH 28-33 – gives us 6 woes, 1 burden.
CHAPTER 28: Woe to Ephraim, the proud crown of Ephraim.
Vs 1 & 3: are under epidiegesis.
Vs 5: the Lord becomes a beautiful crown. The removal of Ephraim's crown becomes a beautiful crown to the Lord.
vs 7: swallowed by wine - metonymy. The idea here that this figurative language creates is that a person can be overtaken, overwhelmed, lost to wine i.e. not be in control. In some sense, the mind and reason dies or is destroyed when this happens.
Linked to 29: 9-14: stupefaction. This is speaking to the prophets and seers at that time not being able to see and prophesize. This is not the same blindness and deafness the Lord causes to fall on the people first mentioned in CH6 and later mentioned in CH 42, 43.
Possible link to Ch 44:18 being blind and stupid - making idols. Link to 44:25.
Vs 10&13 are also under epidiegesis.
Vs14: reiteration, hear the word, scoffers who rule Jerusalem.
Vs 16-22: Reference of Jesus as the cornerstone and new government.
Vs 23-29: allegory telling that the Lord will not judge forever.
CHAPTER 29: Woe to Ariel
vs 1-4: the Lord will punish you.
vs 1: Ariel put twice – symbolic name of Jerusalem – means lion of God.
Vs2 : Ariel is likened to Ariel. Ariel here is 'alter hearth' where offerings are burned. This is antanaclasis or word clashing with same word but different meaning.
Vs 5- 7: how the Lord will deal with nations who wage war against mt Zion. Then the Lord will deliver you (recompense the wicked).
Vs9-10: stupefaction. The Lord pours over them a spirit of sleep and shuts their eyes.
Possible link to Ch 44:18 being blind and stupid - making idols.
vs 11: So that the prophets and seers will not be able to interpret Isaiah's vision.
This is speaking to the prophets and seers at that time not being able to see and prophesize. Linked to 28:7. This is not the same blindness and deafness the Lord causes to fall on the people first mentioned in CH6 and later mentioned in CH 42, 43. Which is spoken of here in this chapter in verse 18 bellow.
Vs 15-16: Woe to those intent on doing evil and hiding in the dark. Link to verse 20.
Vs 17: Lebanon will be fertile
vs 18: the day the deaf hear and blind see – linked to verse 11&12 made blind and stupid.
Vs 22-24: Israel will see Gods glory or Gods glory will be made manifest.
CHAPTER 30: Woe to rebellious children – who make their own plans. Who go down to Egypt for protection. Divine Judgement.
Vs 1-17: the woe of those who flee and don't repent in quietness (Judah?).
vs 6: burden/doom of beasts of the Negev (the Negev is where Sennacherib/King of Assyria camped when campaigning against Judah).
vs 7: likening the Negev or Israel to Rahab who has been exterminated?
Vs 9: reiteration: false sons, who do not listen to the instruction of the Lord.
Vs 18-: then the Lord will deliver you – the graciousness of the Lord. Mercy.
vs 20: bread of privation, water of oppression. The time that when you can hear and see. Linked to vs CH29:11,18
vs 22: casting away idols.
Vs 25: fertility again on the day of the great slaughter and the towers fall.
Vs 26: the light from the heavens (stars, sun, moon) will be brighter the day the Lord binds up the fracture of His people and heals the bruise He has inflicted.
Vs 28: the Lord shakes the nations and puts a bridle in the peoples mouths.
Vs 29: songs of rejoicing and praise will follow to go to the mountain of the Lord, to the Rock of Israel.
Vs 31: Assyria terrified
vs 33: for Topeth – the place of sacrifice to molech is ready to be destroyed by the Lord.
CHAPTER 31:VS 1: Woe to those who flee to Egypt. Seems to be reiterating exactly the same as CH 30:1-2. The emphasis is on those fleeing to Egypt and trusting in their own plans. Those who do not look tot eh Lord for help. Linked to CH 30:7 – which also shows this is about trusting in Egypt's protection and not the Lords.
Vs 2: the Lord does not retract His words, but will arise agaisnt the house of evildoers.
Vs 3: those looking for help for Egypt and Egypt together will fall.
Vs 4: the Lord will not give up His prey – He will wage war on mt Zion.
Vs 5: Now this is about the Lord protecting. So again we see punishment – then deliverance.
Simile – like a hovering bird – link to Duet 32:11 – covering with pinions – link to psalm 91. Also link to Matt 23:37 – Jesus wants to cover us like a mother hen covers her chicks.
Vs 6-7: call to return to the Lord. In that day idols will be cast away. Link to CH 30:22.
vs 8: Assyria will be slain by a divine sword. Linked to CH 30:31
vs 9: the Lords fire is in Zion and His furnace is in Jerusalem. that is sick af.
*CH 31 is an exact reiteration of CH 30. they are the same woe, CH 31 is not additional. But look again and try to see the variation – could possibly be making a distinction and you didn't detect It from lack of cultural awareness.
CHAPTER 32: the blessing, Foretelling of the new kingdom (new government)
vs 3: the awakening – the time when the blind and deaf can see and hear. Link to vs CH 30:20, vs CH29:11,18
vs 9-14: speaking to complacent women, daughters of Zion. Linked to CH 3:14-26 where women are punished. Linked to CH 4:4 – this is the washing away of the filth of the daughters of Zion.
Vs 15-20: linked to CH 4 – after the cleansing will be the blessing and new gov. established. Use of the word fertility – the time of fertility linked to – CH 29:17
CHAPTER33:Woe to you oh destroyer – you will receive what you gave out.
Vs 5-14: the glorification fo the Lord. This is passively talking about the time of receiving MERCY AND DELIVERANCE. Or actually it looks like this is passively talking about RECOMPSENSE FOR WICKEDNESS.
Vs 6: the fear of the Lord is his treasure.]
vs 10-14: the Lord is a consuming fire. God is glorified by being a consuming fire to burn away the chaff.
Vs 15-24: the one who can survive through the burning time. What they will see – the new kingdom.
CHAPTER 34: the call to the heavens and earth to witness – linked to CH 1:2. Which means we could be being put back at a first point in a continuum. This is a call witness Jehovah's judgement/indignation on all the nations. This is not given as a woe or doom but it is clearly a prophecy of destruction for Edom.
vs 5: for my sword is satiated in heaven. Sick af. This Judgement is now addressed specifically for Edom, those whom He has chosen for destruction. Metonymy – was of My curse becomes I devoted. Edom is the decedents of Esau.
Vs 6: this is a sacrifice.
Vs 8: a day of vengeance, a year if recompense.
Vs 11: mention of the plumb line. Link to verse 28:17. REF – Amos 7:7-8, Zechariah 1:16, 4:10,
Vs 14: what the f is the night monster?
Vs 9-15: it will be desolate forever.
Vs 16: mention of the book of the Lord – then stating all He commands will come to pass. Link to CH 14: 24 – linked to ch 55:10-11. Nothing can escape the will of the Lord.
CHAPTER 35: which issues the salvation of Israel – as the glory of the Lord (the new gov installed).
VS 5 – the awakening – the time the blind will see and the deaf will hear . Link to CH 32:3, CH 30:20, vs CH29:11,18.
REF - Matt 11:4, Luke 7:22 - these say the blind receive sight and the lame walk etc. But this is also linked to Jesus direct quote of Isaiah 61:1-11 (also repeats Isaiah 42:7) in Matt 13:53-58, Mark 6:1-6.
vs 6-7: waters will break forth, a scorched land will become a pool - linked to 32:1-4, 33:17, 20-22, 35: 4-10. Along with this time the blind can see and deaf hear is mentioned overflowing waters. this could be figurative and also literal.
vs 8: Highway of Holiness
vs 9: no lion will be there
vs 10: the ransom for the Lord, the redeemed – connected to the remnant?
Also everlasting joy – the new government is a time of everlasting joy.
C'] CH 36-39: HISTORIC. Events and Prophecies (Hezekiah).
CHAPTER 36:
vs: 14th year of Hezekiah - Assyria came agaisnt Judah and seized the fortified cities. (fulfilled prophecy of &:17-25?)
vs: Assyria says the Lord commanded them to come against Israel.
vs 12: doomed to eat their poop and drink their pee.
vs 14: do not let Hezakiah deceive you 'saying the Lord will deliver you'
vs 16: Assyria is saying make peace with me - and you will be able to eat from your crops and drink from your wells.
vs 18: do not Hezekiah deceive you 'saying the Lord will deliver you'
vs:18-20: is this a taunt?
vs 21: Judah silent because the king commanded it.
CHAPTER 37:
vs 1: Hezekiah's response - sackcloth and entered the house of the Lord.
vs 5: God responds 'I have heard Assyria's blasphemous words.
vs 7: Gods judgment on Assyrian King.
vs 14-20: Hezekaih's prayer. that the Lord deliver Judah so all the other naions would know that the Lord is God alone and above the gods and idols of these other nations.
vs 21-29: is the lords response, The word spoken against Sennacherib king of Assyria (because Hezekiah prayed)
vs 30-32: this will be the sign. the remnant will go forth out of mount Zion.
vs 33: repeated that Assyria will not succeed and the Lord will deliver Israel.
vs 36-38: The Lord sent the angel of the Lord to destroy Assyria and 185,000 were found dead. (same angel of the Lord sent to take first born in Egypt?)
king of Assyria went to live in Nineveh were his son killed him.
CHAPTER 38:
vs 1: Hezekiah is ill. Isiah comes and says the lord says he will not live
vs 3: Hezekiah prayers and ask for more time.
vs 4: God says He will add 15 years to his life, that He will deliver him and the city from the king of Assyria. (so how much time has passed between Sennacherib's taunt and God sending the angel of the Lord out to kill them?)
vs 8: cause the shadow on the stairway to go back, so the suns shadow went back 10 steps on the stairway on which it had gone down.
This is speaking of the sun dial. which is a clock. So this is talking about turning the clock back. mentioning Hezekaih father to refer to him.
so we see this spoken of as an addition first and then a subtraction.
vs 9-20: Hezekiah's poem
vs 12: Metaphor/Simile - as a weaver I rolled up my life.
Hypocatastasis/Allegory - He cuts me off from the loom.
vs 18: the dead can not thank you. REF - Pslam 6:5, 30:9, 115:17, 88:10, Ecc 9:5-6
vs 21: a cake of figs applied to boil and he lives. What is it about figs that the Lord used for giving life/ healing? Spiritually figuratively, not literally.
CHAPTER 39: Hezekiah is the dumbest king to exist:
vs 1-4 : Hezekiah shows the king of Babylon all his wealth and treasures.
vs. 5-: the foretelling of the Babylonian destruction and captivity
vs 8: yes, he is the dumbest because he took this prophetic word as good because he would have peace while still alive.
B'] CH 40: The Cleansing & The Commission of the people to make way for the Lord.
The VOICE FROM THE WILDERNESS (earth). The Gathering.
CHAPTER 40: THE GATHERING – is a time for collecting stones ( Ecc 3). The Lord opens up for closeness. We just read through the dooms and woes - these were times of throwing stones.
Also remember - divine wrath poured out is a cleansing. So here in this ch 40 which is our B' it begins by saying comfort Israel. The ch is talking about the Lord coming back to them. Because in ch 6 which is our B it was told them He was going away from them. In this CH we see prolepsis at work - An anticipation of some future time which cannot yet be enjoyed. The figure is called this when we anticipate what is going to be done, and speak of future things as if present.
Now, if we take vs 3 and look at where it is REFFERENCED in the NT Matt 3:3, Mark 1:3, Luke 3:4-6, John 1:23 and 1 Peter 1:24 – it specifically says this passage refers to the Baptist John. That the voice in the wilderness is John. Which means, this is what the voice in vs 40 is also saying...
Matthew ch 3: “1. Now in those days John the Baptist was coming, preaching in the wilderness of Judea, saying, repent for the kingdom of heaven is at hand. 5. then Jerusalem was going out to him, and all Judea and all the district around the Jordan and they were being baptized by him in the Jordan River, as they confess their sins. 10. The axe is already laid at the root of the trees, therefore every tree that does not bear good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire. 11. As for me, I baptize you with water for repentance, but He who is coming after me is mightier than I, and I am not fit to remove his sandals. He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and fire. His winnowing fork is in His hand and He will thoroughly clear His threshing floor and He will gather His wheat into the barn but He will burn up the chaff with unquenchable fire.“
So we see the message that 'God is Here' is expressed in John's statement saying the kingdom of heaven at hand and the one who will baptize with Spriit and fire (Jesus). And we also we see a cleansing and a commission. John himself was baptizing which is a spiritual cleansing. But also we can see that John is calling out to the people to: repent and be washed clean and bear good fruit and receive the Holy Spirit. Now, to receive the Holy Spirit is to be commissioned as an ambassador for Christ. Thus we see the cleansing and commission come through cotext with NT scripture.
We also see the final cleansing mentioned in vs 11 which is directly linked to Isaiah ch1:31.
So If ch 6 was a cleansing and a commission for Isaiah to give this word to Israel. Then this ch here is the 'cleansing and commission' of all those who receive Christ as their Lord and savior.
Here the commission in ch 40 is only given to Zion and Jerusalem to tell Judah but through John the Baptist an extra message goes out for the cleansing and commission to the church.
I will add link to part 3 which is the last part when I post it.
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